'Unit 9 the Welfare System Human Services and Social Policy\r'

'The Welf atomic number 18 arranging The Welf atomic number 18 ashes Instructor: Dr. Michelle March HN300-01 collect: 12/20/2011 Instructor: Dr. Michelle March HN300-01 due: 12/20/2011 Franklin Moe, Jr. clement dish up & adenylic acid; social Policy Franklin Moe, Jr. Human gos & deoxyadenosine monophosphate; Social Policy To fancy the â€Å"Welfare System” whiz must do it its history. The Ameri rouse eudaimonia trunk has channelized dramatically oer the past 80 years. A 100 years ago, families, local communities, and charities; typically religious behindd, served as the guard net for those who had plungeen on hard times.\r\nThe swell Depression of the 1930s would see a change in tender policy with the passing of professorship Roosevelt’s â€Å"New Deal” establishing Social warrantor and Aid to Dependent Children (ADC. ) Thus was born the Ameri give the axe Welfare System. The U. S. eudaimonia schema stayed in the manpower of the federal official g overnment for the next 6ty-one years. some Americans were unhappy with the upbeat system, contracting that individuals were abusing the affectionate upbeat computer programmes by non applying for jobs, having more than babyren just to get more aid, and staying unwed so as to qualify for greater benefits.\r\n supercharge expansion came with the Johnson’s administration in the half a dozenties with the establishment of Medicare, Medicaid, Public Housing, and other programs. During the Reagan presidency it was claimed that mothers with infants should not be allowed to become dependent on the offbeat system, and that providing assistance for kidskinren under one year of mature constituted such(prenominal) â€Å"dependency” The wellbeing system remained relatively unchanged till 1996 when president Clinton subscribe a sweeping benefit reform impartiality that is still a hot topic of common controversy today. When Clinton was elected he ha d the intention of changing the welfare system.\r\nIn 1996 the Republican Congress passed a reform law signed by President Clinton that gave the control of the welfare system back to the states. Conservatives claim a dramatic decline in welfare caseloads, while Liberals attri barelye the decline to a at a time healthy economy (www. welfareinfo. org). â€Å"Compared with those of other western alter nations, the U. S. favor open untroubledty net is exceptional in numerous bureaus. Federal, state, and local governments in the coupled States throw far less on social welfare per capita than do peer nations” (Schaefer &type A; Simmons, 2009 p. 1). The resolve of the welfare system is to address social bothers (www. policyalmanac. org (ND) retrieved 11/27/11). â€Å"Some argue that the â€Å"importance” of a social problem depends on two things (1) the power and social status of those who are defining the problem and advise the expenditure of resources toward a solution and (2) the sheer sum up of people affected. Thus, the more people affected and the greater the social power and status of those urging a solution, the more important the social problem” (Chambers & amp; Wedel 2009 p. 7).\r\nHowever, it should be understood that social problems are â€Å" extremely variable and depend on the viewer” (Chamber & Wedel 2009 p. 9). â€Å" on that point are four points to consider when doing a social problem synopsis: 1) Identify the way the problem is delineate. 2) Identify the cause(s) to which the problem is attributed (its antecedents) and is to the highest degree dangerous consequences. 3) Identify the ideology-the values, that is-that makes the events of concern come to be defined as a problem. 4) Identify who benefits (gains) and who suffers (loses) from the existence of the problem” (Chambers & Wedel 2009 pp. 9-10).\r\nThe welfare system is too labyrinthine a subject, and the social problems the system a ddresses are beyond the scope of this essay. However, I depart discuss the final stage and objectives for creating the welfare system, and address how these run are distributed. The federal government provides assistance through Temporary helper for Needy Families (TANF). TANF is a surrender given to apiece state to run their own welfare programs. The TANF grant requires that all recipients of welfare aid must invent work within two years of receiving aid, including hotshot parents who are required to work at least 30 hours per week.\r\nFailure to comply with work requirements could return in loss of benefits. Eligibility for a welfare program depends on numerous positionors. Eligibility is jibed using crying(a) and net income, size of the family, and any crisis situation such as medical emergencies, pregnancy, homelessness or unemployment (www. welfareinfo. org retrieved 12/12/11). A case worker is assigned to those applying for aid. They leave alone gather all the ne cessary information to determine the amount and type of benefits that an individual is eligible for. The modern welfare system actively discourages mothers from marrying.\r\nAs the entire emphasis is now on getting the mothers into the workforce, and adding that the purpose during which they can receive â€Å"benefits” greatly extends if they remain single, the smart version of the welfare system is both undermining traditionalistic family values and even contributing to the poverty aim by its continuing focus on care mothers single and in the workforce. One cannot talk just about the welfare system without a focus on nipper welfare. Child welfare is a panoptic term that is used to describe the process of defend children from insult and betray.\r\nA comprehensive child welfare system usually has multiple components and whitethorn command numerous social services agencies working together in a community to provide a safety net for vulnerable children. In most com munities a child welfare services embarrass investigations of child maltreatment, rear care, protective living put inments for children, counseling, pecuniary assistance, and adoption programs. The scope and quality of child welfare services varies a great deal from one community to another (www. welfareinfo. org retrieved 12/13/11). The purpose of the investigative program is to inquire into allegations of abuse and neglect.\r\n some times these referrals are screened out. Many of these investigations do not turn up any evidence of neglect or abuse however, when the children are in at hand(predicate) danger of harm from further abuse or neglect, the children services investigations go out turn the case over for placement. Most child welfare services as well as provide foster care. Foster care can consist of emergency furnishs where children are housed for a fewer hours or days. Foster care parents who open their homes where children who demand a safe haven for a few week s or months, or extensive term foster care homes where children may live for years.\r\nSome child welfare services programs as well operate residential programs which are specialized to provide care for children who may suffer from extreme emotional and behavioral problems. However, on that point are more children in need of foster care than there are foster homes and multitude homes in which to place them, child welfare agencies typically have programs for what is known as family deliverance. The purpose of these family preservation programs is to provide intense counseling and support for a multitude of family problems according to The History of the Welfare System (www. voices. yahoo. om retrieved 12/12/11). Families involved in these programs may have a combination of problems that range from mall abuse, domestic violence, emotional problems, severe mental disorders, fiscal difficulties, and lack of appropriate parenting skills. The family preservation programs provided t hrough the child welfare system helped to keep children in their homes when the abuse or neglect was relatively mild. When the parents receive the veracious kinds of support and intervention many of them are able to continue to provide care for their children and keep them bountiful of abuse or neglect (www. elfareinfo. org retrieved 12/14/11). Many child welfare programs also be eligibility programs that provide welfare benefits to enable parents who live in poverty to apply for food stamps, Medicaid, childcare subsidies, trapping subsidies, and other assistance to help these parents provide prefatorial needs for their children. The ability to access these services allows many families to feel less stress in victorious care of their children, and helps keep children from having their basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter go unmet (www. welfareinfo. org retrieved 12/15/11).\r\nMost child welfare services also have programs that arrange for adoption. Adoption is necessary for child welfare programs so that permanent homes can be found for those children whose parents are unable to raise them in a safe healthy environment. The termination of parental rights is the last restore for families who are not able to keep their children safe, but this process occurs after all the alternatives that child welfare programs have to offer and have been tried. The welfare system in and of itself is nothing; it is a conglomeration of policies and programs.\r\nThere are three styles of welfare policy analysis: the analytic-descriptive, the value-committed, and the value- comminuted methods (Chambers & Wedel, 2009 p. 44). While recognizing that political occasions willing arise during which is essential? The value-committed approach is rejected because it is not open to new data or conclusions. The fact argues for the value-critical style which forces into the open, the deeds of ideology is inherent in the analytic method use. The analytic-descriptive method f ails as a policy analysis because it commits the analyst to unattainable assumptions.\r\nsuch(prenominal) assumptions can be unrealistic because any apprehension of social programs requires judgment of social worthiness (Chambers & Wedel, 2009, p. 44). Chambers and Wedel explain there are six policy elements which form the cornerstone of every policy and program of the welfare system. It is these elements on which the practicable social policy analyst ultimately will base judgments about a policy or program. The six policy elements are as follows: 1. Goals and Objectives 2. Forms of benefits or services delivered 3. Entitlement (eligibility rules) . Administrative or organizational structure for service delivery 5. Financing method 6. Interaction among the antecedent elements These six are without which a policy or program cannot be operated, they are necessary to put on a policy or program within the welfare system (2009, p. 38). Many studies have examined the effect of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity atonement Act of 1996 (PRWORA) on employment trends, financial aegis and family structure, but few have considered the implications for mental health issues.\r\nYet mental health is central to a key objective of welfare reform. Results suggest that beforehand PRWORA, welfare recipients did not differ from other scummy women in depressive or alcohol dependence symptoms. ten-spot years after the reform, welfare recipients experience more depressive symptoms than other poor women. This suggests that welfare reform left hand unusually symptomatic women on rolls. The finding also suggests that mental health services are critical if welfare recipients are to succeed in do the transaction from welfare to work (Rote & Quandagno, June 2011, p. 29-245). Changes will come over time, administrations will continue to overcharge the system here and there in the hopes of access up with something better than previous generations. Drug exam may very well be a viable way to control abuse of the welfare system in the future too, welfare policies and programs are a hit and miss kind of thing, and it will be interesting to see what the future holds for the welfare system. Poverty is a phenomenon within a bourgeois society.\r\nNo amount of funding appropriated for the welfare system will ever be able to on the whole eradicate poverty. Some people, no matter how lots resources they are given, cannot pull themselves out of the clutches of poverty. This has been proved time after time when poverty in love people win the lottery and end up worse off than they were before winning. As long as there is poverty then we can hope at least in the United States of America there is the welfare system to fall back on for the truly needy. References www. welfareinfo. org Schaeffer, H. L. amp; Simmons, E. D. The learning of an unequal social safety net: journal of Sociology and Welfare, Sep 2009, vol. 36 issue 3, p179-199 www. policy almanac. org/social_welfare/index. shtml Chambers, D. E. , & Wedel, K. E. (2009). Social policy and social programs: A method for the practical policy analyst (5th ed. ). Boston, MA: Pearson www. voices. yahoo. com/welfare Rote, S. & Quandagno, J. : Depression and Alcohol Dependence among Poor Women: forwards and After Welfare Reform: Social Service Review; Jun2011, vol 85 Issue 2, p229-245, 17p.\r\n'