Charles Darwin And Herbert Spencer :: Natural Selection, Evolution Essays

Charles Darwin, a British pictorialist, revolutionized biology with histheory of evolution through the process of essential selection. Herbert Spencerwas the major philosopher of biological and social evolution. Spencers worksignificantly influenced 19th cytosine develop handsts in biology, psychology,sociology and anthropology. While Darwin was influential in the fields ofnatural narration and geology, his theory of evolution created great controversy.He changed the way people horizon about the role of humans in the natural world.Although these two men made advancement in the theory of evolution they hadcontrasting views regarding anthropological study.Charles Darwin was an English naturalist who outset solidly establishedthe theory of fundamental evolution, in his work, The roue of Species. Darwin wasborn in Shresbury, Shropshire on February 12, 1809. His grandfather, ErasmusDarwin, was a renowned English scientist and poet. In 1825 the young Darwin wentto Edinburgh Unive rsity to become a doctor. The same year, however, hetransferred to Christs College in Cambridge in order to become a clergyman.During this time he befriended a man of science, John Steven Henslow. It wasHenslow who recommended him for the unpaid position of naturalist on the H.M.S.Beagle.Darwin set sail on December 27, 1831 to study the Pacific sloping trough of SouthAmerica and the Pacific Islands. His other duty was to set up navigationstations in the bea. He also studied the geology and biology of these atomic number 18as.Upon his return in 1839, Darwin married his cousin, Emma Wedgewood, and wasadmitted to the Royal Society. He moved to Downe, Kent in 1842, and was plaguedby ill health until his death. He apparently transmitted Trypanosomiastis from sponsor bug bites in the Pacific. Darwin died on April 19, 1882 and was buriedin Westminster Abbey.In The Origin of Species, Darwin presented his idea that species evolvefrom to a greater extent primitive species through the proce ss of natural selection, whichoccurs spontaneously in nature. In his theory of how natural selection occurs, cognize as Darwinism, he pointed out that not all individuals of a species areexactly the same. But, rather that individuals have variations and that some ofthese variations make their bearers better altered to particular ecologicalconditions. He pointed out that most species have more chances of surviving andproducing young than do less adapted, and that over the passage of time, areslowly weeded out. The accumulation of adaptations to a particular ecologicalsystem leads into the cultivation of separate species, each adapted to its ownecolgoical area.In 1837, Darwin began work on the concept that evolution is essentiallybrought about by three principles. The first being variation which is present